In which case was it established that a suspect cannot be involuntarily moved based on reasonable suspicion?

The case that established that a suspect cannot be involuntarily moved based on reasonable suspicion is Dunaway v. New York. In this landmark decision, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that when law enforcement detains an individual without probable cause, it constitutes an illegal seizure under the Fourth Amendment. The Court emphasized that reasonable suspicion does not provide officers the authority to transport a suspect to a police station or other location for questioning. Instead, reasonable suspicion permits a brief stop and brief questioning, but if the suspect is detained and moved, it crosses the line into what is considered an unlawful seizure.

The significance of this ruling lies in its protection of individuals' rights against arbitrary detention and ensures that suspects cannot be moved without sufficient justification. This case is pivotal in understanding the constitutional limitations of police authority during investigatory stops.